33,752 Native Students
26% of Student Population
229 Alaska Native Villages and Federally Recognized Tribes

Alaska Department of Education and Early Development

NIEA Alaska State Profile

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted September 18, 2017)
NIEA ESSA Comments (submitted on July 31, 2017)

Recent Native Education Legislation
1976 – Tobeluk v Lind affirmed the right for Alaska Native students to pursue high school education in their own communities.
2001 – The Millennium Agreement states that Alaska will consult with recognized tribal nations on policy issues in Alaska

35,239 Native Students
23% of Student Population
22 Federally Recognized Tribes
54 BIE Funded Schools

Arizona Department of Education

NIEA Arizona State Profile

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted on September 6, 2017)
NIEA ESSA Comments (submitted December 6, 2016)

Developments in Native Education in Arizona
2004 – Legislators update state standards (A.R.S. 15-710) to require schools to teach Native history in the classroom.
2006 – Indian Education Act (A.R.S. 15-244) established the Office of Indian Education to support Native students.

25,791 Native Students
1% of Student Population
109 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 BIE Funded Schools

California Department of Education

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted September 15, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in California
2007 – State legislators establish the California Indian Education Centers to support Native student success in public schools.

1,572 Native Students
1% of Student Population
2 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 BIE Schools

Florida Department of Education
NIEA Florida State Profile

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted September 20, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Florida
1993 – State legislators confirmed the power of tribes to govern education for tribal members and contract with school districts.
2015 – Miccosukee Tribe receives a waiver from the federal government to define average yearly progress under NCLB.

115,704 Native Students
32% of Student Population

The federal government and the State of Hawai’i have recognized the special political relationship with the Native Hawaiian community through the enactment of numerous laws, including the Native Hawaiian Education Act of 1988 and a state constitutional convention in 1978. The relationship includes a special federal responsibility to educate Native Hawaiian students.

Hawai’i State Department of Education

NIEA Hawai’i State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted September 15, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Hawai’i
1978 – State Constitutional Convention requires the study of Hawaiian culture, history, and language in schools by providing a Hawaiian education program.
1988 – Native Hawaiian Education Act is passed to expand strengthen Native Hawaiian programs in the State from pre-k through college.

4,445 Native Students
2% of Student Population
5 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 BIE Funded Schools

Idaho State Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted August 10. 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Idaho
2002 – State legislators recognize the right of tribes to authorize alternative teacher certification pathways for teachers of Native languages.

10,349 Native Students
1% of Student Population
12 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 BIE Funded Schools

Michigan Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on April 17, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Michigan
1976 – Michigan approves a tuition waiver for qualifying American Indian students at public universities and community colleges in the state.

14,524 Native Students
2% of Student Population
11 Federally Recognized Tribes
4 BIE Schools

Minnesota Department of Education

NIEA Minnesota State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Minnesota
1977 – State legislators pass the American Indian Education Act to support Native students in Minnesota.
2013 – Minnesota established the Director of Indian Education under the American Indian Education Act to promote Native student success in public schools.

16,728 Native Students
12% of Student Population
7 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 Bureau Funded Schools

Montana Office of Public Instruction
NIEA Montana State Profile

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted September 15, 2018)

Developments in Native Education in Montana
1999 – Montana authorizes the Indian Education for all curriculum to incorporate Native culture and languages into public school classrooms across the state.

4,851 Native Students
2% of Student Population
8 Federally Recognized Tribes

Nebraska Department of Education

State ESSA Action
ESSA State Plan (submitted on September 13, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Nebraska
1971 – Nebraska establishes a Commission on Indian Affairs to coordinate with tribes and state agencies for Native communities and students in the state.

10,874 Native Students
2% of Student Population
19 Federally Recognized Tribes
20 BIE Funded Schools

Nevada Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted April 12, 2017)

Recent Native Education Legislation in Nevada
Early 1980’s – Great Basin Native American Language (GBNAL) allowed teaching of one of the four tribal languages (North Paiute, Southern Paiute, Washoe and Western Shoshone) in Nevada public schools.

34,680 Native Students
10% of Student Population
23 Federally Recognized Tribes
44 BIE Funded Schools

New Mexico Public Education Department

NIEA New Mexico State Profile

State ESSA Action Plan
State ESSA Plan (submitted April 3, 2017)
NIEA ESSA Comments

Developments in Native Education in New Mexico
1975 – New Mexico legislators create the Indian Education Division at the New Mexico Department of Education through House Bill 8.
2002 – State legislators establish a special certification process for teachers of Native language and culture
2004 – New Mexico integrates Native languages into the Bilingual Education Act, providing language resources to Native students.

16,855 Native Students
1% of Student Population
8 Federally Recognized Tribes

New York Public Education Department
New York State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted September 18, 2017) NIEA ESSA Comments

Developments in Native Education in New York
1953 – The New York State Legislature authorized Education Law Section 4118 which provides funding for American Indian students can receive grant awards of up to $2,000 per year for attending any approved, accredited postsecondary institution in New York.

22,859 Native Students
1% of Student Population
1 Federally Recognized Tribe
2 BIE funded Schools

North Carolina Department of Public Institutions

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in North Carolina
1987 – North Carolina General Statute 115C-210 established the State Advisory Council on Indian Education to the State Board of Education. SBE also developed a policy to implement the establishment of the Council as an advisory body to the SBE on matters regarding Indian education.

9,552 Students
9% of Student Population
5 Federally Recognized Tribes
12 BIE Funded Schools

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

NIEA North Dakota State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in North Dakota
North Dakota Century Code 15.1-21-05 – Indian Education Curriculum
North Dakota Century Code 15-38-18.1 – Certification of North Dakota Native Language Instructors

102,127 Native Students
15% of Student Population
39 Federally Recognized Tribes
5 BIE Funded Schools

Oklahoma State Department of Education
NIEA Oklahoma State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Oklahoma
2015 – Oklahoma Charter Schools Act

8,453 Native Students
2% of Student Population
10 Federally Recognized Tribes
1 BIE Funded Schools

Oregon Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Oregon
2017 – SB 13 requires the teaching of American Indian and Alaska Native history and sovereignty in K-12 public schools in the state of Oregon.

15,250 Native Students
11% of Student Population
9 Federally Recognized Tribes
21 BIE Funded Schools

South Dakota Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in South Dakota
2007 – South Dakota Indian Education Act
2011 – OcetiSakowin Core Concepts Approved by South Dakota Board of Education

16,813 Native Students
3% of Student Population
7 Federally Recognized Tribes
2 BIE Funded Schools

Utah State Board of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Utah
2014 – Governor’s Executive Order: Executive Agency Consultation with Federally Recognized Indian Tribes

25,073 Native Students
2% of Student Population
29 Federally Recognized Tribes
8 BIE Funded Schools

Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Washington
1989 – Centennial Accord provides a framework for that government-to-government relationship and implementation procedures to assure execution of that relationship.
2015 – Since Time Immemorial: Tribal Sovereignty in Washington State – The 2015 legislature passed SB5433 requiring the inclusion of tribal sovereignty curriculum to be taught in all schools.

11,454 Native Students
1% of Student Population
11 Federally Recognized Tribes
3 BIE Funded Schools

Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction

Wisconsin State Profile

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted on September 18, 2017)
NIEA ESSA Comments

Developments in Native Education in Wisconsin
1989/1991 – Wisconsin Act 31 requires instruction regarding Wisconsin American Indian history, culture, and tribal sovereignty in public school districts and the development of DPI’s American Indian Studies Program.
2009 – Wisconsin Act 28 creates a competitive grant program for schools to partner with tribes to revitalize Native languages.

2,606 Native Students
7% of Student Population
2 Federally Recognized Tribes
0 BIE Funded Schools

Wyoming Department of Education

State ESSA Action
State ESSA Plan (submitted September 18, 2017)

Developments in Native Education in Wyoming
Wyoming Indian Education for All